Discrimination and Civil Rights in America Essay - 701 Words

â€Å" Civil rights is the term that refers to the right of every person to equal access to society’s opportunities and public facilities.† Civil rights is used to imply that the state has a positive role in ensuring all citizens equal protection under law and equal opportunity to exercise the privileges of citizenship and to participate fully in life regardless of race, sex, religion, or other characters unrelated to the value of the individual. According to Webster’s Dictionary, the definition of civil rights is â€Å"the right s to personal liberty and to legal, economic, and social equality establish by amendments to the U.S. Constitution and by certain Congressional acts.† (Merriam-Webster) Civil rights have to with whether individual†¦show more content†¦Inequality is built into almost every aspect of our society. Civil rights are any of the civil liberties guaranteed by the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments and the Civil Rights Acts of the Constitution. Civil rights are also protected under state constitutions and federal statutes that protect a person’s civil rights. For example, African Americans with a correctable heart problem are only half as likely to receive the necessary surgery as are whites with the same problem. Disadvantaged groups had to struggle for equal rights. African Americans, women, Native Americans, and others have all had to fight for their rights in order to come closer to equality with white males. Americans have attained substantial equality under the law. They have, in legal terms, equal protection of the laws, equal access to accommodations and housing, and equal right to vote. Legal equality for all Americans has not resulted in de facto equality. African Americans, women, Hispanic Americans, and other disadvantaged groups have a small share of America’s opportunities and benefits. The history of America shows that disadvantaged groups have rarely achieved greater measure of justice without a struggle. Legal equality has been rarely bestowed by the more powerful upon the less powerful. Their gains have rarely always occurred through intense and sustained political movements, such as the civil rights movement of theShow MoreRelatedGender Discrimination Against Bank Of America876 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Civil Rights Act, the American s with Disability Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, and many state laws. Even with these laws, discrimination still occurs within the workplace. This paper will investigate a case of gender discrimination against Bank of America and what could have been done to prevent this from happening. Calibuso et al. v. Bank of America Corp. et al. In 2010, a group of female financial advisors filed a national class action lawsuit against Bank of America andRead MoreCivil Rights/Secret Life of Bees986 Words   |  4 PagesBridget Baker Mrs. McQuade Period 2 4/10/12 Racial Discrimination and Segregation In 1619 the very first African Americans arrived in America, coming over for the purpose of forced slavery. It’s been nearly four hundred years since then and African Americans are still not treated completely equal. But throughout the years major steps towards equality have been made and as a whole the United States is close to reaching this goal. The first key action taken was abolishing slavery in 1865, butRead MoreConsequences of the American Civil Rights Act of 19641192 Words   |  5 Pages Observing half a century of an equality stimulating law: an economic review on the consequences of the American Civil Right act of 1964 Introduction The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub.L. 88-352, 78 Stat. 241, enacted on July 2nd, 1964) is a milestone in the law history of the United States of America, which prohibited major forms of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in employment practices and public accommodations. In commemoration of the 50th anniversaryRead MorePersuasive Essay On The Kneeling Movement1437 Words   |  6 PagesSince March 3, 1931, the Star-Spangled Banner has been instilled in almost every citizen in America as the National Anthem. It is ingrained that every person should show respect to the flag and the nation. 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While these battles seemed everlasting, African-Americans were more persistent than ever in theirRead MoreCultural Impacts of the Civil Rights Act1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Civil Rights Act† Abstract Cultural Impacts of the Civil Rights Act Until the eighteenth century Civil Rights and Liberty’s were taken advantage of as a American. Observation in our judicial system cited within the paper suggest that our civil rights in America has improved and continue to evolve to this day. Cultural Impacts of American Civil Rights laws In recent years, a great deal has gone into fair treatment of all. As history serves, there was a great civil rightsRead MoreDiscrimination At The Modern Civil Rights Era Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesdeal with discrimination anymore. Don’t get me wrong, our country has grown so much over the years when it comes to tackling discrimination in the workplace. It’s just unfortunate that it’s just not natural for organizations and companies to naturally be ethical and moral when it comes to their treatment of their potential applicants or current employees. There are still cases of discrimination currently in our society. It may not be as severe compared to before the modern civil rights era, but discriminationRead MoreV. Bank Of America Corp Essay935 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees in the United States must adhere to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This act prohibits discrimination in employment-related matters and is administered by the Equal Employme nt Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (Canas Sonkak, 2014). In Calibuso et al. v. Bank of America Corp. et al. Judy Calibuso filed a complaint against Bank of America with the EEOC in January 2007. Case Law Overview Calibuso et al. v. Bank of America Corp. et al. was a gender case that was filed in U.S. DistrictRead MoreEssay on Rhetorical Analysis of Jfk Civil Rights Address862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Address was one of the most influential speeches President John F. Kennedy has ever presented to the American people, and was one of many of his many accomplishments during his presidency. America was experiencing racial discrimination and racial inequality, and Americans needed a leader who would unite them. John F. Kennedy was a sincere, honest, inspirational individual whose duty was to influence equality to Americans. President John F. Kennedy’s address inspires and pulls onRead MoreThe Civil Rights Act And Voting Rights1665 Words   |  7 PagesGrowing up in America, children are taught by their grade school teachers to be proud of being American. They chant â€Å"Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492† and harmoniously sing patriotic songs such as Th e Star Spangled Banner while being utterly oblivious of America’s corrupt political system. It may not be until one is pursing their final years of high school, or perhaps even in college when they are aware of America’s history of possessing a highly restrictive political system. For

Air Cargo Article Critique Free Essays

China Airlines is facing a fine of up to $85,410 in US dollars for transporting 15 barrels of iridium 192, a class 7 radioactive material, without the proper permit.   In addition to the source cited here, this article can be found in a variety of publications and sources including Google Finance, since China Airlines (TPE:2610) is a publicly traded company. The barrels were kept in a warehouse from February 23rd to February 26th when the airline made application to and received approval to transport radioactive material from the Atomic Energy Council. We will write a custom essay sample on Air Cargo Article Critique or any similar topic only for you Order Now Employees at the Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport found relatively low radioactive levels of the iridium isotope which was being transported to Singapore from the United States.   The destination and intended use of the material is not known.   Iridium 193 is used to detect weaknesses in metal pipes, in radiotherapy, and in radiation treatment of certain cancers. This article underscores the importance of airline industry regulation of hazardous material transportation.   The article also underscores the importance of consistency in inspection and detection techniques in international airports. Since levels of radioactivity were low, perhaps employees in U.S. airports found no cause for concern.   It was probably assumed that the airline had the proper permit for handling and transporting the iridium. It is reasonable and correct for the Atomic Energy Council to levy a fine for not having the proper transportation permit.   However, the Council needs to work with cargo carriers, international agencies, and airports to develop uniform inspection and detection protocols. Inspection techniques should have examining transport licensing and permits as an objective.   Detection techniques should have determining acceptable radioactivity levels as an objective.   The techniques should have safe and timely transport of materials as a common goal. Reference CAL TO BE FINED FOR TRANSPORTING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL WITHOUT PERMIT. (March 6, 2009). AsiaPulse News. Retrieved March 10, 2009, from General OneFile via Gale. Google Finance.   China Airlines Ltd.(Public, TPE:2610) Retrieved March 10.   2009, from http://www.google.com/finance?q=TPE:2610 How to cite Air Cargo Article Critique, Papers

Standard of Lease IAS 17-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Criticise the extent to which the discussion on practical implications of new accounting for leases presented by Churyk, Reinstein and Lander (2015) considers two fundamental characteristics of financial information stated in the AASBs Framework for Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements. Answer: Introduction: The present study is based on the current lease standard IAS 17 which has been surrounded by criticism for resulting in unfaithful accounting where the comparability amid the commercial firms is not clear. With the objective of overcoming the issue, the IASB and FASB have undertaken the decision of presenting the new lease standard. As stated in the exposure draft of the new standard, the most obvious modification is that the distinction amid the operating and finance lease will be removed which states that all the lease transactions would be represented in the balance sheet (Warren, 2016). Such proposal has been surrounded by criticism since it will be having consequences for companies. The objective of the current study is to understand the consequences and criticism facing the new lease standard that would have impact on the companies making the use of the IFRS and to understand if the companies have performed any preparations. Discussion: Leasing is internationally considered as the element of source of financing and hence, lease accounting standards of highest quality is required. Presently, all the listed companies are required to follow the rules of the accounting standards that is issued by the international accounting standard board. IASB is considered as an organization whose chief purpose is to create a solitary set of high excellence and internationally recognized reporting standard known as IFRS (Lim et al., 2014). When IASB and FASB together launched the project of convergence in 2002 a significant step was taken towards the global international harmonization of the accounting. IAS 17 categorizes the lease as the either operating of the finance. The alteration among the two leases is that the business lease results an asset and a liability on the balance sheet whereas the operating lease is solitary revealed as the expenditure in the footnotes. The finance lease might be equated to the debt financed purchased while the operating lease could be equated to the consistent rental contract (Cheng, 2015). The IAS 17 enables the companies to assess the lease transactions themselves to classify the contract of lease. IASB lay down the guidelines regarding the recognition of the finance lease. But the criteria is considered to be ambiguous and to achieve the precise organization they could be exploited. This is probable to incur with the present standard of lease as the businesses that have inducements to categorize lease agreements as the operating instead of finance in the exposure draft (Barone et al., 2014). Therefore, by classifying lease contracts as the operating, companies will be able to get assets while maintaining an unaffected structure of debt and hence make the organization seem financially sturdier. Though every companies makes the use of the leasing as the means of obtaining access to the assets, they kind and the amount of assets which they lease along with the terms and structure of these contracts vary considerably. For instance, a proficient services firm leases cars and business offices, utilities of the company etc. all have different characteristics terms, regulatory frameworks, risk and economies (Collier, 2015). As an outcome of this different implications might originate for different industries at the time of adopting new lease standard. The proposed changes that has been bought in the lease accounting states that financial users will be able to remain dependent on the entitys leasing transactions. However, the changes in the lease accounting is considered to be controversial topic since there are probable consequences for the companies implementing IFRS (Osei, 2017). On introducing the new lease standard, all the lease transactions particularly the short term leases will result in right to use asset and the liability as well. As a consequence of this, the balance sheet of the impacted companies will increase and will offset the changes on the vital financial ratios. Such kind of consequences have been investigated prior to the publication of the exposure draft. Commercial firms having substantial amount of operating leases might therefore be anticipated to have their balance sheets and the vital financial ratios to be impacted by the introduction of the new lease standard. In the recent study of Gimbar et al., (2016), a further evidence have been portrayed that a capitalization of the operating lease would result in essential impact on the vital financial ratios. Nevertheless, companies have noticed that the consequences would be highly restricted to the retailing industries. The reason behind this is that retailers generally lease large sum of property. Cheng, (2015), has investigated exposure draft and has reported that lower turnover ratio, lesser return on the capital and increase in the lower debt to equity ratio could create an impact on the abilities of the companies to receive a bank financing. In the comment letters issued to the IASB and FASB, impacted companies have stated their concern regarding the new lease standard. In less than the period of four months following the publications of the exposure draft a large number of comment letters were received. Overall, negative criticism were stated towards the change. The cost of leasing would ultimate lead to an increase and might outweigh the benefits (Riley Shortridge, 2013). Concerns were issued regarding the worsening financial ratios, that might decorate the rating of the company and would become harder for the companies to receive credits and undertake the investments. Indeed, the main criticism concerning the new lease standard have placed emphasis on the capitalization of the operating lease since this would increase the structure of debt and balance sheet of the companies. As stated by Grenier et al., (2015), it is expected to have an increase in the balance sheet by 100 per cent. This would represent that the companies might have to negotiate the current structure of debt covenants to exclude the contracts of lease. Additionally, organizations have stated their concerns regarding the new lease standard as it would make it harder to receive credits. There has been a discussion regarding inclusion of the representative in the lease agreements on the balance sheet. Criticism has also been pointed in the direction of the short-term lease. Some firms have believed that the existing bright lines in the classification amid the operating and finance will be replaced by the new one since firms will start curbing the terms of lease so that it can take advantage from the short term lease that corresponds to the present operating lease (Marshall, 2016). Auditors have criticised the fact that the lease-term must decide whether or not the asset is identified on the balance sheet. As an example the auditors have represented that absurd consequences of the short term lease would have consequences on the financial statement. Numerous companies have stated their concern that the new lease standard would change the behaviour of lease and some assets would instead be purchased (Lantto, 2014). Nevertheless, it was reported that organizations would continue their activities of leasing that is unaffected of the new standard of lease, this is because lease reasons comprise of the economic nature along with the optimization of the cash flows and flexibility. Furthermore, organizations have stated their criticism on the new standard of lease because this would lead to an increase in the administrative burden in a considerable manner. Efforts made in the educations of the new standard of lease, new system of IT, changes in process system and increase amount of expenditure in the consultant fees is considered to be the common examples. This is additionally supported by the Bohuov, (2015), that have criticised the new standard of lease for being very complicated. It has been arguably put forward that with large number of lease agreements, companies would have to invest large sum in the new system of IT. This would also result in increased amount of time management because more detailed estimations concerning the liability of lease and right to use the asset should be conducted in respect to IAS 17. Nevertheless, the standard of lease has also received comments of positive nature. According to the Hewlett-Packard (HP) have admitted that currently there prevails an issue with the IAS 17 and the classification of the lease contracts have been done in an unfaithful manner. As stated by HP, it is encouraged to alter the lease accounting but instead by improving the current standard. As stated by Grenier et al., (2015) in the leasing paper have bought forward the argument by stating that the changes in the lease accounting is motivated but also removes the subjective elements. However, in contrast to the HP, he agrees with the IASB that a completely new standard is needed. Conclusion: Replacing the present standard of lease, IAS 17 eliminates the likelihood for the firms to select among the operating leasing and finance leasing. In the forthcoming time, all the leases would be categorized as finance, that suggests that the lease would be identified as the asset and the liability on the balance sheet. The changes concerning the lease standard is essential to attain the better amount of comparability amid the businesses and lessen the misuse of the rubrics of accounting. Though, the procedure of setting standard has been characterised by the disagreement, criticism and postponements which makes that replacement of IAS 17 is considered to be debated subject. Reference list: Barone, E., Birt, J., Moya, S. (2014). Lease accounting: a review of recent literature.Accounting in Europe,11(1), 35-54. Bohuov, H. (2015). Is Capitalization of Operating Lease Way to Increase of Comparability of Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with IFRS and US GAAP?.Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis,63(2), 507-514. Cheng, J. (2015). Small and Medium Sized Entities Managements Perspective on Principles-Based Accounting Standards on Lease Accounting.Technology and Investment,6(01), 71. Collier, P. M. (2015).Accounting for managers: Interpreting accounting information for decision making. John Wiley Sons. Gimbar, C., Hansen, B., Ozlanski, M. E. (2016). The effects of critical audit matter paragraphs and accounting standard precision on auditor liability.The Accounting Review,91(6), 1629-1646. Grenier, J. H., Pomeroy, B., Stern, M. T. (2015). The effects of accounting standard precision, auditor task expertise, and judgment frameworks on audit firm litigation exposure.Contemporary Accounting Research,32(1), 336-357. Lantto, A. M. (2014). Business involvement in accounting: A case study of international financial reporting standards adoption and the work of accountants.European Accounting Review,23(2), 335-356. Lim, S. C., Mann, S. C., Mihov, V. T. (2014). Market Recognition of the Accounting Disclosure and Economic Benefits of Operating Leases: Evidence from Borrowing Costs and Credit Ratings. Marshall, D. (2016).Accounting: What the numbers mean. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Osei, E. (2017). THE FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD (FASB), AND THE INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD (IASB) SINGS SIMILAR TUNE: COMPARING THE ACCOUNTING TREATMENT OF NEW IFRS 16 WITH THE IAS 17, AND THE NEW FASB MODEL ON LEASES.Journal of Theoretical Accounting Research,13(1). Riley, M. E., Shortridge, R. T. (2013). Proposed Changes to Lease Accounting under FASB's Exposure Draft.The CPA Journal,83(6), 28. Warren, C. M. (2016). The impact of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)/International Financial Reporting Standard 16 (IFRS 16).Property Management,34(3).

Paradise or Hell Conflicting Images of the Post

The peculiarities of the post-colonial world have been discussed in many historians, sociologists, and political scientists. However, they can also be examined by looking at literary works that describe the experiences of colonizers and those who were colonized.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Paradise or Hell? Conflicting Images of the Post-Colonial World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper will focus on the novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe and Margaret Atwood’s poem Progressive Insanities of a Pioneer. These works show how colonial forces can impact community and how people can perceive the world that is new and probably hostile to them. Although these novels differ significantly in terms of genre and themes, they can both show us that post-colonial world combines the images of both paradise and hell. Overall, these authors show that these communities could have become a much bett er place to live if settlers and native people tried to understand the values and ideas of one another. This problem is still relevant to contemporary societies that try to overcome the legacies of colonialism. In the opening chapters of his novel, Chinua Achebe portrays a village that is not affected by Western culture and civilization. The action begins just before the arrival of European missionaries. For instance, this is how the author describe the nature, â€Å"he loved this season of the year, when the rains stopped and the sun rose every morning with dazzling beauty. And it was not hot either because the cold and dry harmattan wind was blowing down from the north† (Achebe 2).Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such a description can imply that it is an idyllic community that is not affected by any external forces. It may be an exaggeration to call it paradise, but such associations can arise. It reminds readers of such things as peace and freedom. However, at the same time, they can see that violence is imbedded into the culture of this community. For example, one can mention Ikemefuna, a boy, who was taken as a hostage and subsequently killed by Okonkwo for the alleged crime of his father. This boy became attached to Okonkwo, but the laws of this tribe obliged Okonkwo to kill this boy. To some degree, this hostility between the two villages mirrors contemporary ethnic conflict in Nigeria. As it has been noted by Rotimi Suberu, Nigerian population is comprised of many ethnic groups that may differ in terms of religion, language or income level (12). This is one of the reasons why ethnic conflicts occur in Nigeria. The main tragedy is that in many cases, innocent people such as Ikemefuna suffer from these hostilities. These examples show that Chinua Achebe gives a conflicting portrayal of the community in which his characters live, and it does combines the elements of paradise and hell. Furthermore, the problems that the author refers to in his novel may manifest themselves in contemporary Nigeria. In turn, Margaret Atwood focuses on the experiences of British colonizers in Canada. At first glance, it seems that the opening lines of her poem describe the sensation of freedom, happiness, and serenity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Paradise or Hell? Conflicting Images of the Post-Colonial World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is how the author describes the feelings of this individual, â€Å"He stood, a point on a sheet of green paper proclaiming himself the centre with no wall, no borders†. (Atwood, 60) Yet, the readers can also notice that this person is by no means happy. The first thing that he says is â€Å"let me out† (Atwood, 60). Such an outcry is hardly compatible with the idea of paradise. One can see that the coloni zer desperately tried to protect the fruits of his labor and feared virtually everything. In fact, he believed that even nature was hostile to him.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore, Atwood intentionally uses the personal pronoun â€Å"he† in order to emphasize the idea that Canadian colonizers built a patriarchal society in which women were denied access to any positions of power. Apart from that, one can notice that native people are not present in this poem, and their voices are silenced. Overall, Margaret Atwood describes the complex and rather conflicting experiences of British settlers in Canada. These people were trying to establish a new society that could become a better place to live. However, at the same time, they felt rather insecure in these lands. Thus, to some degree, this poem may describe a promised land, but it is full of fear and anxiety. This is the main paradox of colonial experiences. These literary works have other details that refer to the images of paradise and hell. In his novel, Chinua Achebe describes people who adopt a very respectful attitude toward nature and animals. Igbo people tended to describe and explain various natural phenomena with the help of animal stories. Moreover, some of the animals were even revered such as the royal python (Achebe 138). It was inconceivable for Okonkwo that Europeans missionaries could dismiss this tradition. To a great extent, this cultural practice can conjure up such an image as the Garden of Eden in which people did not separate themselves from other animals and lived in harmony with one another. The main tragedy is that they did not show similar respect to the dignity and life of other people. Again, one can mention the innocent boy Ikemefuna who was killed only because he was a member of a different tribe. Thus, it is clear that this tribal society had many flaws even before the arrival of European settlers. However, colonization made the situation worse because it completely dehumanized local people. Chinua Achebe shows that Europeans did not attach much importance to this tradition, beliefs, and value system of the local people. In their opinion, such beliefs were typical of the so-called uncivilized nations. The problem is that the world described by the author is full of hostility and violence that are aimed against the outsiders. Everything that did not reach their standards of conventionality was rejected. Both Africans and European settlers did not even try to understand the values of one another. Certainly, one cannot argue that the culture of Igbo people was perfect, but it could not be dismissed entirely as it was done by European missionaries. This is one of the reasons why post-colonial world is still ridden with conflict. Margaret Atwood’s poem gives readers a different insight into this problem. The thing is that she does not even mention those people who lived in Canada before the arrival of British settlers. A person, whom she describes, believes that he is the centre of the world. It does not occur to him that there could be other people living in this land. It should be noted that this person lives in an environment that was utterly new to him. For instance, Mary Atwood writes, â€Å"Things refused to name themselves; refused to let him name them† (60). On the whole, this quote suggests that colonizers did not even try to talk to local people in order to learn more about this place. Settlers could believe that local were either too primitive or hostile to them. Thus, one can say that the newly created community was very segregated. More importantly, native people were practically excluded from this community, and their presence was disregarded. The problem is that nowadays Native Canadians are underrepresented in public life. So, despite the fact that Margaret Atwood focuses mostly on the life of colonial society, her poem points to the challenges faced by the post-colonial society. These authors also show how damaging the impact of colonialism can be. Okonkwo, the main character of Achebe’s novel resists changes that are brought by European settlers. He believes th at new customs, traditions, especially religion will deprive him of his social status and respect of other people. This is why he commits suicide when Igbo people refuse to support him in his struggle against European missionaries. The person described by Margaret Atwood feels extremely insecure and alienated. His attempts to create an orderly life eventually lead to insanity. Thus, one can say that in both cases, colonialism produced damaging effects on individuals. The legacies of these experiences are palpable nowadays. Certainly, colonial and post-colonial societies could not become an earthly paradise; however, many of their internal flaws could have been eliminated if Europeans and local people tried to accept the humanity and dignity of one another. Unfortunately, this was not done. Surely, one cannot say that post-colonial countries resemble hell, but conflict, injustice and inequality are almost inseparable from them. In part, these social problems are the legacies of colon ialism. Overall, these literary works can be related to the field of post-colonial studies and some of its theories. One of them was developed by Edward Said in his book Orientalism. In particular, this author argues that Western scholars, especially historians often overlook the experiences of those people who were colonized (Said 125). In his opinion, very little attention is paid to their values and perceptions. In fact, they were considered to be primitive and irrational. The popularity of Chinua Achebe’ novel can be partly explained by the fact that he was one of the first authors who gave voice African people. This novel enabled readers throughout the world to see how Igbo people viewed their colonial experiences and how they responded to them. Edward Said also believes that Western colonizers immediately labeled non-western communities as backward, wild and unenlightened (Said 12). As it has been noted before, the folklore of Igbo people included a great number of anim al stories and colonizers perceived it as a sign of backwardness. Additionally, European settlers could not accept the idea that other nations could have different political structures. For example, they believed that tribal communities were essentially primitive. People can long debate whether this argument is right or wrong; yet, the main issue is that Europeans immediately tried to impose their political structures on native people and in this way they disrupted local communities. Apart from that, according to Edward Said Westerners could not accept the way of thinking and lifestyles of the local people (Said 125). For instance, they could not understand people who attached very little attention to property rights and land ownership. In part, this idea is reflected in Margaret Atwood’s poem. British settlers could not imagine the world with â€Å"no walls† or â€Å"no borders† (Atwood 60). The life of aboriginal people was not acceptable for them. More import antly, they became convinced that these communities were primitive or at least underdeveloped. Later, these beliefs were advanced with the help of propaganda. Thus, these two works should the perceptions of aboriginal people and colonizers. Admittedly, these experiences differed immensely, but the main issue is that they did not even try to communicate with one another. The main problem is that such misunderstanding is typical not only of colonial world, but also of the post-colonial societies. The communities that are influenced by the legacies of colonialism still struggle to reconcile the interests and views of Western-European settlers and native people. Such works as Things Fall Apart and Progressive Insanities of a Pioneer can help both sides better understand this conflict. This discussion suggests that the world described by Chinua Achebe and Margaret Atwood may seem serene and peaceful at first glance. However, by taking a closer look at this world, one can see that it is f ull of hostilities, violence, and insecurity. The authors describe different cultures and countries, but in each case, people are alienated from one another. More importantly, they realize that their conventional lifestyle is threatened. Maybe, it is an exaggeration to call these experiences hell, but they have a very adverse influence on them. Okonkwo commits suicide because he is no longer a leader of the community, while the unknown settler described by Margaret Atwood is driven into insanity. The main problem is that native people and colonizers did not make any effort to understand one another. Unfortunately, this problem often manifests itself in the modern, post-colonial world. Works Cited Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart, New York: Anchor, 1994. Print. Atwood, Margaret. Selected Poems, 1965-1975, Berkeley: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1987. Print. Said, Edward. Orientalism, New York: Vintage Books, 1979. Print. Suberu, Rotimi. Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria, New Yo rk: US Institute of Peace Press, 2001. Print. This essay on Paradise or Hell? Conflicting Images of the Post-Colonial World was written and submitted by user DamageC0ntr0l to help you with your own studies. 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Svante August Arrhenius Essays - Panspermia, Svante Arrhenius

Svante August Arrhenius Essays - Panspermia, Svante Arrhenius Svante August Arrhenius Svante August Arrhenius was born at Uppalsa, Sweden, on February 19, 1859 His intelligence and creativity were apperent nt from an early agehe taught himself to read when he was three Although credi ted with many scientific innovations, he remains best known for his ionic theory of solutions, For which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1903 Arrhenius henius died in Stockholm on October 2, 1927 Science is a human endeavor subject to human frailties and governed by personalities, politics, and prejudice ces. One of the best illustrations of the often bumpy path of the advancement of scientific knowledge is the story of Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius. When Arrhenius henius began his doctorate at the University of Uppsala around 1880, he chose to study the passage of electricity through solutions. This was a problem that had baffled scientists for a century, The first experiments had been done in the 17 70s by Cavendish, who corn pared the conductivity of salt solutions with that of rain water, using his own physiological reaction to the electric shocks he rece ived! Arrhenius had an array of instruments to measure electric current, but the process of carefully weighing, meas uring, and recording data from a multitude of experiments was a tedious one. After his long series of experimerits were performed, Arrhenius quit his laboratory bench and returned to his country home to try to formulate a model that could account for his data, He wrote, "I got the idea in the night of the 17th of May in the year 1883, and I could not s leep that night until I had worked through the whole problem." His idea was that ions were responsible for conducting electricity through a solution. B ack at Uppsa]a, Arrhenius took his doctoral dissertation containing the new theo ry to his advisor, Professor Cleve, an eminent chemist and the discoverer of the elements holmlum and thulium. Cleve's unlnterested response was what Arrhenius had expected. It was in keeping with CIeve's resistance to new ideas he had not even accepted Mendeleev's periodic table, introduced ten years earlier. It is a long standing custom that before a doctoral degree is granted the disse rtation must be defended before a panel of professors. Although this procedure i s still followed at most universities today, the problems are usually worked out in private with the evaluating professors before the actual defense. However, w hen Arrhenius did it, the disserta tion defense was an open debate, which could be rancorous and humiliating. Knowing that it would be unwise to antagonize his professors, Arrhenius downplayed his convictions about his new theory as he de t ended his dissertation. His diplomacy paid off: he was awarded his degree, albei t reluctantly, as the prolessors still did not believe his model and considered him to be a marginal scientist, at best. Such a setback could have ende d his scientific career, but Arrhenius was a crusader; he was determined to see his theory triumph. Recognizing his low credibility in his home coun try, he sen t his dissertation first to Rudolf Clausius, a German seientist who had fimnulat ed the second law of thermodynamics, but Clausius wasn't interested. He next app roached Lothar Meyer, another German scientist who had gained prominence for his work on the periodicity of the clements, but Meyer was also unresponsive. Final ly, Arrhcnius found the right champion in Wilhelm Ostwald, a German profes sor o f chemistry at Riga. Ostwald, already known as a defender of revo lutionary chem ical causes, fully accepted the idea that reactions in solu tion often involve i ons. In 1885 Arrhenius began work ing in Ostwald's laboratory, continui ng his research on ions. Reading everything he could find on the sub jeer, he ca me across a research paper written by a Dutch scientist, Jacobus van't Heir, whi ch was particularly helpful in placing the ionic theory on firmer gnound. In 1887 Arrhenius went to Amsterdalm to nicer van'l Heft At 22 years of age, van't Help had postulated the existence of stereochemistry; that is, that atoms in molecules have definite relative positions in space. This theory was initially criticized harshly, and van't Heft, aided by Ostwald, had to fight to have it accepted. The ionic theory was yet another unaccepted theory for which both Ostwald and van't Heft' would extend their support. By the time Arrhenius returned from Amsterdam, Ostwald had moved to Leipzig, where he had be come professor of chemistry. It was there that Ostwald and Anhenius put together

Quotes From the Film Boondock Saints

Quotes From the Film 'Boondock Saints' Two Irish brothers, Murphy and Connor, feel that theyve been authorized by God to clean up the underworld. Predictably a lot of blood, gore, and swear words follow. Each Boondock Saints quote given below is representative of the colorful dialogue that abounds in the film. Connor Well, a penny saved is worth two in the bush, isnt it? Connor You look like Mush-mouth from Fat Albert. Il Duce The question is not how far. The question is, do you possess the constitution, the depth of faith, to go as far as is needed? Monsignor And I am reminded, on this holy day, of the sad story of Kitty Genovese. As you all may remember, a long time ago, almost thirty years ago, this poor soul cried out for help time and time again, but no person answered her calls. Though many saw, no one so much as called the police. They all just watched as Kitty was being stabbed to death in broad daylight. They watched as her assailant walked away. Now, we must all fear evil men. But there is another kind of evil which we must fear most, and that is the indifference of good men. Murphy Were sorta like 7-Eleven. Were not always doing business, but were always open. Murphy Do not kill. Do not rape. Do not steal. These are principles which every man of every faith can embrace. Murphy [to a Russian gangster] So youre Chekov, huh? Well, this heres McCoy. Find a Spock, we got us an away team. Paul Smecker First of all, Id like to thank whichever one of you donut-munching, barrel-assed, pud-pulling sissies leaked this to the press. Thats all we need now: some sensational story in the papers making these guys out to be superheroes, triumphing over evil. Paul Smecker So Duffy, have any theories to go with that tie? Paul Smecker You know, you Irish cops are perking up. Thats two sound theories in one day, neither of which deal with abnormally-sized men. Kind of makes me feel like Riverdancing. Rocco Ill catch you on the flip side. Yakavetta The 90s are killing me. I shouldnt have done that. Youre not supposed to tell a guy youre gonna kill him no more.

Congenital Hypothyroidism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Congenital Hypothyroidism - Essay Example Those causing the latter are the thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin genes. These genes were initially described, but, most recently PDS (Pendred syndrome), NIS (sodium iodide symporter), and THOX2 (thyroid oxidase 2) gene defects were also published. Figure2: Cartoon of the TSH receptor showing the positions of all the loss of function mutations reported to date. Missense mutations are shown in the circles, frameshift and deletion mutations are indicated by arrows, and splice site mutations aremarked. Chatterjee) Figure 3: A proposed algorithm for investigating the genetic basis of congenital hypothyroidism. AHO, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy; CH, congenital hypothyroidism; GNAS, stimulatory G protein a subunit gene; NIS, sodium-iodide symporter gene; PAX-8, human Pax-8 gene; PDS, Pendred syndrome gene; TFTs, thyroid function tests; TG, thyroglobulin gene; THOX2, thyroid oxidase 2; TIOD, total iodide organification defect; TITF-1, human TTF-1 gene; TITF-2, human TTF-2 gene; TPO, thyroid peroxidase gene; TSHR, TSH receptor gene; USS, ultrasound scan. (Chatterjee) Figure 4: The Hypothalamic -pituitary thyroid axis and known genetic defects associated with CHT. (Vono-Toniolo and Kopp) Figure5.Mitogenic pathways in the thyroid. Data from the thyroid cell systems are integrated into the present general scheme of cell proliferation cascades. (CONTROL OF GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION ) Figure 6: Overview of gene therapeutic approaches for thyroid cancer (Spitzweg and Morris) Table: 1 Phenotypes of TR knockout animals. (Brent) Bibliography Brent, Jung-Hsin Hsu and Gregory A. "Thyroid Hormone Receptor Gene Knockouts ." Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (1998): 103-111. Chatterjee, Park SM and VKK. "Genetcis of Congenital hypothyroidism." J.. Med Genetics (2005): 379-389. "CONTROL OF GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION ." Thyroid Manager. 06 04 2008 . Spitzweg, Christine and John C. Morris. "Gene Therapy for Thyroid Cancer: Current Status and Future Prospects." Thyroid (204): 434-434. Vono-Toniolo, Jussara and Peter Kopp. "Thyroglobulin gene mutations and other genetic defects associated with congenital hypothyr